CSDID with Individual-Level Data - Treatment is at the Group Level

[Khushi Surana]

Hello Statalist,

I am using the Callaway & Sant’Anna (2021) Difference-in-Differences (DiD) estimator in Stata (csdid) to analyze the impact of a policy change. However, I am running into an issue due to the structure of my data and treatment assignment.

My Data Structure:
Unit of Observation: Individual-level (households).
Treatment Assignment: Treatment is assigned at the province level.
Time Variable: year_month.
Treatment Timing Variable (gvar): The year_month when a province first received treatment (all individuals in a province share the same treatment timing).

When I run the following command:
csdid y, id(province) time(year_month) gvar(first_treat) method(dripw) notyet

I get the error (duplicate time and gvar values).
This is because of the duplicate values of gvar (treatment timing) and time (survey wave) across multiple individuals in the same province. Since csdid estimates group-time average treatment effects (GATTs), I am wondering:

1. Do I need to collapse my data to the province-time level? If so, will this affect comparisons with a standard TWFE DiD model, which I am also running?
2. Can csdid handle individual-level data when treatment happens at the province level? If so, how should I define gvar to avoid issues?

Will something like this work?
egen time_treated = csgvar(treatment), tvar(year_month) ivar(province_id)

[Luisa Nazareno]

I have a very similar challenge, and was hoping FernandoRios would provide some insight. I have been browsing StataList for a while and could not find a clear response to this yet.

[FernandoRios]

Well, The problem here is that the data its not Panel, but repeated crossection
when you add ivar() you are telling csdid your data is panel. The command will try to verify that, and give the reported error
Alternative...assume data its repeated crossection. In this case, only group fixed effects are considered, and province fixed effects will make little to no sense to add.
Second alternative, use jwdid with the fevar options.
HTH
F