Because the Stata User's Guide PDF is printed in a typeface that does not display punctuation identically to Stata, note that where the PDF has something that looks like
you need to type on your keyboard
where the first character is (on an American English keyboard) the "left single quote" beneath the tilde (~) character below the ESC key, and the final character is the usual "single quote" ("apostrophe") just to the left of the RETURN key. Put another way, don't type your code in an editor with "smart quotes" and then copy it into Stata.
Code:
‘shortcut’
Code:
`shortcut'
